Smart City Surveillance and Constitutional Privacy Guarantees: Regulating Facial Recognition in Public Transit Hubs

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DOI https://doi.org/10.55923/lentera.v5i1.3
Reza Firmansyah 1 , Hendra Wardani 2 , Ahmad Saputra 3 , Farhan Lubis 4
1, 2, 3, 4Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Udayana
1 reza.firmansyah@unud.ac.id , 2 hendra.wardani@unud.ac.id , 3 ahmad.saputra@unud.ac.id , 4 farhan.lubis@unud.ac.id

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The installation of biometrics-enabled surveillance apparatuses across commuter transit hubs raises acute constitutional questions regarding mass privacy and freedom of movement. Through comparative constitutional analysis, this article formulates strict statutory proportionality tests and independent oversight mandates.
Issue Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Section Articles
Pages 33-47
Published 2026-06-30

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